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what kind of bird is this black body with white spots and blue?
I saw a bird in the country where we live was black except for the wings and back, had blue and white spots, like a chessboard. about the size of a red bird.
If you live in the U.S., check out this site: http://www.whatbird.com/ I have used it several times to identify the birds that I was not familiar with. For more options, do a Yahoo search for "Bird identification" (include the quotes) and will have some 394 000 places to explore. Good luck with your search.
Black raspberries – Just The Faqs
Talk with today's medical scientists to study the disease prevention properties of plant foods and most would tell you that a rapid increase in star is black raspberry, one of the fruits of nature's most powerful antioxidant.
Especially in the prevention cancer black raspberries are revealing remarkable effects as anti-tumor agents in laboratory research. In pursuing this important finding in recent six years has had no fruit of any progress towards human clinical trials as the black raspberry.
Let's take a look at the scientific basis and health benefits of including black raspberries in their diet.
How many species of black raspberries are usually available to the general consumers?
In Canada and the U.S., there are two main species Rubus occidentalis L. eucodermis call and Rubus Rubus L. (A genus of the family Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoidea). The Rubus is characterized by rose thorns, as the long training of vines and brambles that grow irregular rods ranging from one to four meters. It is often include black raspberries and other Rubus berries (raspberries, blackberries, blueberries, blackberries, raspberries) as "brambleberries" or "raspberry" that have grown native North America from the time recorded.
How is the black raspberry different from other Rubus species?
Often called "Warblers" by farmers of berries, black raspberries are smaller and Rubus berries blue. Scientific tests reveal phytochemicals Warbler pigmentation denser and more eager to North America from plants, so strong that the Agriculture Department uses U.S. black raspberry juice as a seal dye in the meat for several decades. The scientific evidence warblers have been reported with the richest antioxidant content of pigment between North America berries (such as described below).
Where to grow warblers and what markets are served?
Black raspberries grow mainly in the western U.S. and British Columbia. Prefers wet winters, mild and humid, hot summers and harvested in July. Willamette Valley, in particular, states for black raspberries accounting for 95% of the total U.S. production weight or about 4 million a year. Only 5% of black raspberries are sold fresh. The market for processing that allows year-round supply of frozen (immediately deep-frozen, IQF), mashed, or juice concentrate products is rest.
What qualities of black raspberries attract consumers?
The qualities mentioned above are derived from intense pigmentation a rich concentration and diversity of warblers acid phenolic antioxidants. Phenols black raspberry flavor and chemical several distinctive qualities, including high acidity (pH of approximately 3.5), semi-sweet taste (brix of about 10 IQF fruit, pureed 17) and a special tangy flavor with great body that attracts more persons, including children. S. are very versatile atricapilla regular dessert recipes.
Over recent years, mainly in research Ohio State University by Dr. Gary Stoner and his colleagues have shown exciting – even surprising – results of phenolic extracts of berries and black raspberries everything themselves in the colon and esophageal cancers in experimental animals. Attention has focused on the antioxidant properties including ellagic acid and ferulic (Both phenolic antioxidants) of warblers.
Black raspberries are one of the most promising tools in the world of plant foods in the fight against cancer. They are now entering human clinical trials supervised by Dr. Stoner.
What are oxidants and antioxidants?
Moment to moment to cells throughout our bodies, free radicals (ie, oxidizing or reactive oxygen species) are continuously generated by normal metabolism. Exposure to environmental toxins, or irradiation, increases free radical production. Free radicals are unstable atoms that damage cells potential and alter genes if not quickly neutralized.
Our bodies defense against oxidation by enzymes called dismutases, catalases, peroxidases and reductases. Moreover, our diet provides a large amount of chemicals that serve antioxidant functions. These chemicals include: vitamins A, C and E, minerals such as selenium, manganese and zinc pigments and plant foods to eat.
In raspberries black, phenolic pigments such as ellagic acid and ferulic are the main source antioxidant.
What are other pigments present in black raspberries?
The rich color of black raspberries comes from numerous Chemicals phenolic super-family is a class of several thousand members serving central and pigments. Black Raspberry antioxidant strength is proportional the intensity of dye its pigments.
An important subset of phenols is the flavonoid group of pigments that is densely populated with warblers. One class of flavonoids in particular – anthocyanins – explains most of the blue pigment, red, black raspberry black. Besides anthocyanins, however, is ellagic acid, acid ferulic, gallic acid, rutin and cyanidin glycosides (phenolic identified by Dr. Stoner and his colleagues as important anticancer warblers). Vitamin C, a universal antioxidant, is also very concentrated black raspberries (about 2 mg per 100 grams of fruit), such as calcium (32 mg per 100 grams).
Is there a way to measure antioxidant quality of a food plant and how well to do black raspberries?
Yes, a test called ORAC (absorption capacity oxygen radicals) is performed on a sample of food in a test tube. Then, the power of antioxidants is measured by how well it neutralizes free radicals.
At Oregon State University, black raspberries have been tested for ORAC against other berries and foods of plant origin (first discussed in a 2004 report by U.S. scientists ORAC Department of Agriculture). Black raspberries had the highest ORAC including raspberries, fruit or vegetable tested to measure three times higher than ORAC blackberries or red raspberries.
Plants with pale skins and white pasta, like pears and apples that some have ORAC low whereas dark fruits like black raspberries, blueberries and ORAC blueberries are relatively high.
What does a high ORAC From Black raspberries means for health protection?
The answer to this clinical research question requires real human beings (being performed but still preliminary), but the scientific evidence points to widespread protection against numerous diseases by having a diet rich in foods high in ORAC and black raspberry.
What are some diseases that evolve from radicals free and what can we do to counteract oxidative stress?
growing scientific evidence shows that almost all diseases involving free radicals to some extent. Cancer, heart and vascular diseases, diabetes, inflammation and neurological disorders all have strong components of oxidative stress. Premature aging and diseases of aging such as macular degeneration is thought to be the result of oxidative damage to cells.
Laboratory studies by Dr. Stoner point to the importance of oxidative factors in colon and esophageal cancer, and the potential role of protection of the phenolic compounds of raspberries black or other plant foods rich in antioxidants.
Consumers can enjoy the pleasures of dark berries in their diets, while likely to obtain protection antioxidant polyphenols from berries. Why wait for the positive results of years of clinical research ahead? Preliminary testing and pleasant eating qualities of black raspberries should be sufficient to justify the inclusion of these treasures of berries in your diet now.
Reading
U.S. * Library Of Medicine, PubMed, href = "http://pubmed.gov" title = "http://pubmed.gov"> http://pubmed.gov
* Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission, title = "http://www.oregon-berries.com"> http://www.oregon-berries.com
C * Han, Ding H, Casto B, Stoner GD, D'Ambrosio SM. The growth inhibition of premalignant and malignant human oral cell lines of extracts and constituents of black raspberries. Nutr Cancer. 2005; 51 (2) :207-17.
* Casto BC, LA Kresty, Kraly CL, Pearl DK, Knobloch TJ, Schut HA, Stoner GD, Mallery SR, Weghorst CM. Cancer Chemoprevention mouth with black raspberries. Cancer Res. November-December 2002, 22 (6C) :4005-15.
Copyright 2006 Berry Health Inc.
About the Author
Dr. Paul Gross is a scientist and expert on cardiovascular and brain physiology. A published researcher, Gross recently completed a book on the Chinese wolfberry and has begun another on antioxidant berries. Gross is founder of Berry Health Inc, a developer of nutritional, berry-based supplements. For more information, visit http://www.berrywiSEOnline.com
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